Articles by "Diseases and conditions"

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If  you are reaching out for an over-the-counter drug to treat your acidity, we aren’t telling you to stop right away. At times, too much GERD, burping and acidity pain (that happens in the upper part of your abdomen) might need immediate relief. And so, antacids become your immediate resort. But remember they are the best option for you when acidity is a one-time affair. If acidity is something that bothers you on a weekly or daily basis, it should make you worried to make an appointment with your doctor. ‘Remember antacids will only treat the problem symptomatically, it will not treat the underlying condition that triggers acidity. So it is important to get it checked with your doctor as acidity at times could also be a symptom of something more serious,’ says Dr Jay Kotecha consultant gastroenterologist, SVR Hospital, Mumbai. Here are some problems that could be the reason behind your acidity:
1. Cardiac problems: Now this is not an unknown cause. GERD and coronary heart disease or CHD have been linked for long now. People suffering from CHD are twice as likely to suffer from GERD compared to people devoid of any heart condition. This is more so as the drugs given to treat heart conditions can in one way trigger acidity and lead to reflux [1]. While this is one theory, remember acidity alone could make you prone to heart problems. ‘Repeated acidity could also be a sign that you might be suffering from cardiac problems which need treatment to control bloating, pain and GERD that you suffer from often due to the same,’ says Dr Kotecha.
2. Minor heart attack: There are times when one confuses a minor heart attack with acidity, and this is common occurrence these days. ‘A minor heart attack can at times present like a severe acidity and this could be fatal as one might not reach out for help in the right direction,’ says Dr Kotecha. In such a case it is important to know the difference between heart attack and acidity. If the pain from your abdomen also radiates to your left arm and jaws, probably an antacid won’t be able to help you. Also, if the pain gets you all of a sudden like early in the morning or sometime during the day when you didn’t indulge in a heavy or spicy meal, it could be a sign of heart attack.
3. Gall bladder stones: Pain due to acid reflux and that due to gallbladder stones are totally different. But most of the time the two are confused. Pain due to gall stones happens in the upper right quadrant of the stomach and at times radiates to the back or the sides. ‘Because acidity pains are similar to this that happens in the upper part of the abdomen, one might confuse the pain due to gallstones with acidity,’ says Dr Kotecha.
5. Stomach ulcers: These are caused due to a bacterial infection usually Helicobacter pylori or H. Pylori in the gut which erodes the inner lining of the stomach [2]. However, these are treatable when the symptoms are picked up soon, saving one from the pains and complications. However, one sign of stomach ulcers is acidity or pain in the upper abdomen followed by bloating, heartburn and uneasiness after having a full course meal. In fact, treatment of stomach ulcers is very necessary as the bacteria can predispose one to gastric cancer.
Here is what untreated acidity can do to you:
4. Unhealthy pancreas: ‘Most of the times it is thought that alcohol is the prime culprit that leads to deteriorating pancreas health. However, untreated acidity can also lead to the same due to inflammation and erosion of the inner lining,’ informs Dr Kotecha. When this happens, acidity might become a regular occurrence. And if you keep treating just the symptom by popping antacids, you ignore the health of a major organ – pancreas. It might be too late before you realise the damage.
6. Problems with the oesophagus: Untreated acidity can erode the oesophagus as the gastric acid strikes it often and the lining is acid-permeable. Also, there are studies that suggest that continuous usage of acid-suppressing medicines can make one prone to oesophagus cancer in the long run [3]. So instead of popping acidity pills it is better to pay a visit to a doctor to get your condition checked.
When to seek help to treat acidity?
Here are few signs that say your acidity isn’t just treatable with antacids, and you need to take a doctor’s appointment:
  • When it becomes a weekly or a daily affair
  • When you have pain after every meal
  • When the pain increases while you try to rest
  • When you have a bitter taste in your mouth and sore throat, yes these are a result of constant heartburn
  • When you experience too much belching and burping and there are growling sounds happening in your stomach
References
[1] 1: Pulkowski G, Majer M, Budzyński J, Swiatkowski M. [Gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary heart disease--coexistence or interrelationship?]. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2006 Jan;20(115):104-8. Review. Polish. PubMed PMID: 16617748.
[2] 1: Calam J, Gibbons A, Healey ZV, Bliss P, Arebi N. How does Helicobacter pylori cause mucosal damage? Its effect on acid and gastrin physiology. Gastroenterology. 1997 Dec; 113(6 Suppl):S43-9; discussion S50. Review. PubMed PMID: 9394759.
[3] Rodriguez, L. G., Lagergren, J., & Lindblad, M. (2006). Gastric acid suppression and risk of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma: a nested case control study in the UK. Gut, 55(11), 1538-1544.
Image source: Shutterstock

Since 1969 when Lassa Fever was first experienced, cases of its attack on humans has been deadly and ranges between 300,000 to 500,000 yearly, with approximately 5,000 deaths according to “Wikipedia”. The name “Lassa” was gotten from the town where the first attack was experienced in Borno State, Nigeria, following the death of two missionary nurses. Lassa fever has now become a dreaded disease to some West African homes due to the widespread of the virus. Some of the countries in West Africa currently under the attack are; Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and some other neighbouring countries. This virus attack is prone to death, that’s why the “WHO” advices that ‘any individual with some symptoms pertaining to the virus should be reported to them’.
 CAUSES OF LASSA FEVER The virus is an animal-borne/animal disease which can be transmitted to humans by rats and rodents. When this virus hits these rats/rodents, they don’t exhibit any symptom of its infection yet, the virus is then given off in their excreta such as urine and faeces, which can also act as a particulate matter in a gaseous or airborne cloud (solid, liquid and gas). Below are the summary;
1. Rats and Rodents
2. Exposure to animal excreta such as faeces and urine through the inhalation of tiny particles of infected animals.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
The generally observed signs and symptoms are;

1. Nausea
2. Vomiting (bloody)
3. Diarrhea (bloody)
4. Stomach ache
5. Constipation
6. Gastrointestinal tract (relating to the stomach and intestines)
7. Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)
8. Hepatitis (liver)
9. Cardiovascular system (relating to the heart and blood vessels)
10. Pericarditis (inflammation of the heart surrounded membrane)
11. Hypertension
12. Hypotension
13. Tachycardia (abnormally high heart rate)
14. Respiratory tract (breathing problem)
15. Cough
16. Chest pain
17. Dyspnoea (shortness of breath)
18. Pharyngitis (sore throught)
19. Pleuritis (relating to lungs)
20. Nervous system (nerves pains)
21. Encephalitis (brain pains)
22. Meningitis (headache)
23. Unilateral or bilateral hearing deficit
24. Seizures


PREVENTION OF THE DISEASE
The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) asserted that “Primary transmission of the Lassa virus from its host to humans can be prevented by avoiding contact with Mastomys rodents, especially in the geographic regions where outbreaks occur. Putting food away in rodent-proof containers and keeping the home clean help to discourage rodents from entering homes. Using these rodents as a food source is not recommended. Trapping in and around homes can help reduce rodent populations; however, the wide distribution of Mastomys in Africa makes complete control of this rodent reservoir impractical”.
In the case of helping people that are with the virus, they also said; “When caring for patients with Lassa fever, further transmission of the disease through person-to-person contact or nosocomial routes can be avoided by taking preventive precautions against contact with patient secretions (called VHF isolation precautions or barrier nursing methods). Such precautions include wearing protective clothing, such as masks, gloves, gowns, and goggles; using infection control measures, such as complete equipment sterilization; and isolating infected patients from contact with unprotected persons until the disease has run its course”.

TREATMENT OF LASSA FEVER
As part of the struggle to combat this virus, doctors have tried some possible means in which this virus can be treated. Ribavirin, an antiviral drug, has been used with success in Lassa fever patients. It has been shown to be most effective when given early in the course of the illness. Patients should also receive supportive care consisting of maintenance of appropriate fluid and electrolyte balance, oxygenation and blood pressure, as well as treatment of any other complicating infections. These are the ways it can be treated for now.
It’ll be better to prevent yourself from this virus so as to maintain a healthy life. You’ve read this, you’ve understand, educate others around you.
Edited Sources and Mentions: Wikipedia, CDC, WHO‎ 

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Vitamin CVitamin C rich foods like oranges, lemons and mosambis have long been recommended for prevention of common cold. Although some of you might have found it to be helpful, others might not agree with it. The role of vitamin C in preventing cold has always been debatable.
Unfortunately there is no evidence that vitamin C can totally prevent cold but there are a few studies showing that vitamin C can reduce the severity of cold symptoms and the duration of cold. A randomised controlled trial by Sasazuki S and colleagues found that vitamin C may significantly reduces the frequency of the common cold but had no apparent effect on the duration or severity of the common cold. Another study by Hemilä H and colleagues suggested that it may be worthwhile for people with common cold to eat citrus fruits due to its individual therapeutic effect. A review of 21 clinical studies, it was found that vitamin C reduced the duration of cold episodes and the severity of cold symptoms of by an average of 23%.  Overall, there is still a lot of inconsistency and no single study has come up with clearly defining results as to whether vitamin C can really be helpful in treating or preventing cold. But that should not affect your choice about eating citrus fruits because vitamin C helps in a lot of other ways to boost your health. It is a natural antihistamine and helps in controlling allergies by reducing the levels of histamine. It is anti-inflammatory and helps control diabetes and prevent heart disease. Here are a few more health benefits of vitamin C

Stroke is one of the leading causes for death in the world.
Ischemic stroke is one of the commonest strokes. It occurs when a certain clot clogs the artery that brings blood to the brain. The other type of stroke is called hemorrhagic stroke. This one occurs when blood veins break, which causes effusion of blood from the brain.
Even though stroke most often affects people above 65 years of age, it can occur in younger people as well. It is very important for you to know how to recognize symptoms and risk factors.
Which factors can cause stroke?
- Intake of unhealthy foods
- High blood pressure
- Poor physical activity
- Increased level of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood
- Diabetes
- Obesity
Excessive alcohol consumption
What are the symptoms of a stroke?
- Difficult speaking –incomprehensible talking and difficulties while talking, impossible pronunciation of words or difficult or completely unintelligible speech.
- Sudden dizziness, loss of balance
- Sudden harsh headache, sudden falls and insecure walking.
How can you tell if it is stroke you are dealing with?
1. Try smiling – Are muscles from one side of your face loosen that they hang?
2. Lift both your arms in front of you. Can you equally lift both arms?
3. Say one simple sentence. Pay attention to mumbling and slurred speech.
Stroke is an emergency situation and need immediate ill to take in a mental institution because it is very important to realize exactly the time of the occurrence of symptoms and get to summon emergency help, because it depends on the treatment.
Stroke is an emergency situation in which you need to immediate take the affected person in a hospital because it is very important to realize the exact time of the occurrence of symptoms in order to get emergency help, because it depends on the entire treatment.
Stroke can be prevented – it is undeniable truth.
With your lifestyles you can directly affect your own risk of getting stroke and ensure your health. The best way for preventing stroke is having moderate and healthy lifestyle, regular and adequate physical activity, having regular doctor appointments and, of course, quit smoking.
Your diet should be consisted of olive oil, lots of fruits and vegetables and foods rich in fiber.

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